xx, 795 pages ; 24 cm

Translation of Reformation, Katholische Reform und Gegenreformation, 2d ed

"A Crossroad book."

Includes bibliographical references and index

Causes of the Reformation -- Martin Luther : the early years -- The indulgence controversy -- Rome's proceedings against Luther and the Leipzig Disputation -- Luther's reform writings of 1520 -- The excommunicated friar before the Diet of Worms -- Luther at the Wartburg and the reform movement in Wittenberg -- The reformers in Luther's circle -- The pontificate of Adrian VI -- The Knights War -- The "fanatics" Karlstadt and Muntzer -- The Peasants' War -- Luther's rejection of humanism, Erasmus' later years -- Zwingli and the beginnings of the Reformation in German Switzerland -- Anabaptists and spiritualists -- The Catholic literary opponents of Luther and the Reformation -- The Confessional Leagues, the imperial diets of Nürnberg (1524) and Speyer (1526) -- Luther's concept of the church and doctrine of the two kingdoms -- The completion of the Lutheran community -- Clement VII and Charles V -- The Speyer protest and the Marburg religious colloquy -- The imperial diet of Augsburg -- The politicizing of the reform movement to the collapse of the religious colloquies -- The breakdown of universalism and the religious Peace of Augsburg -- The Reformation in Scandinavia -- The Reformation in eastern Europe -- Schism and Reformation in England -- The struggle over Lutheran orthodoxy -- Jean Calvin : personality and work -- The spread of Calvinism in western Europe -- The development of denominations in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries -- Preliminary steps in Italy and Spain -- Ignatius Loyola and his order to 1556 -- The beginnings of the Catholic Reform in Rome under Paul III -- The Council of Trent under Paul III and Julius III -- The breakthrough of Catholic reform (1551-59) -- Pius IV and the conclusion of the Council of Trent -- Personality and work of the reform popes from Pius V to Clement VIII -- Self-assertion of the church in western and eastern Europe -- The revival of scholasticism, Michael Baius and the controversy over grace -- The rise of positive theology -- Spiritual life, popular devotion and art -- The new and the old orders -- The missions under Spanish patronage -- The missions under Portuguese patronage -- The Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith -- Paul V, Gregory XV and the beginnings of the central European Counter Reformation -- Urban VIII, Innocent X and the end of the Counter Reformation -- Denominationalism and secularization

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